Production of yarns or the like from organic derivatives of cellulose



Patented Dec. 12, 1933 PRODUCTION OF YARNS OR THE LIKE FROM ORGANIC DERIVATIVES OF CELLU- LOSE William Ivan Taylor, Spondon, near Derby, England, assignor to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 25, 1930, Serial No. 423,561, and in Great Britain February 5,

25 Claims. (Cl. 18-54) This invention relates to the production of filament-s, threads, yarns, or other materials, such as ribbons, tapes, or straw capable of being produced by the extrusion of solutions of cellulose acetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose, the object of the invention being to produce such filaments, yarns, threads, ribbons, tapes, straw or the like) and likewise, fabrics or articles containing them) of which the lustre is reduced or even completely removed or which can readily be delustred.

The invention is characterized by the employment in the production of such materials (hereinafter referred to as filaments) of Turkey red oil or other wetting agents whether comprising organic'sulphonic acids or sulphuric esters or salts thereof, or otherwise, such wetting agents being employed in such a manner that the filaments produced are capable of having their lustre completely or partially removed by a treatment with moist steam or with aqueous, alcoholic, or other suitable liquids.

The invention is applicable to the production of filaments, by the dry or evaporative method or by the wet or coagulation method. For example, in one method of carrying out the invention spinning solutions containing organic cellulose derivatives for use according to either of these methods may contain proportions of V wetting agents such as, for example, soaps, sulphonated soaps, or sulphonatedoils, it being understood, of course, that only such wetting agents are employed as are soluble in the solvent used in the spinning solution.

Inthe caseof dry spinning a solution containing a wetting agent, the evaporation of the volatile solvent for the cellulose derivative from the extruded solution produces delustrable filaments having a content of the wetting agent. By treatment of the filaments with, for example, aqueous liquids, (preferably warm or hot) the filaments are'delustred. The extent of the delustring can be determined by varying the amount of wetting agent added to the spinning solution, greater delustring requiring the use of larger proportions of the wetting agent. The steaming, or the aqueous or other treatment for the delustring of the filaments may be performed continuously with the dry-spinning of the filaments as by passing the ,filaments through an aqueous or other suitable bath, or may be applied subsequently thereto. Whenforming a continuous operation with the dry-spinning process, the said treatment may be followedby a drying, of the delustred filaments and the dried filaments may be collected in any convenientmanner, such as'by winding or twisting and winding. I

In the spinning of solutions containing wetting agents as above described by the wet or coagulation method, the spinning bath is so chosen that the filaments emerging from the bath contain a proportion of the wetting agent or agents and upon subsequent aqueous or other treatment become declustered.

Examples of wetting agents which may be employed in the production of delustred filaments according to the invention are salts of higher fatty acids, sulphonated higher fatty acids and salts thereof, naphthenic acids, naphthene sulphonic acids or aromatic sulphonic acids and salts thereof, sulpho-aromatic fatty acids and salts thereof, resin soaps, sulphonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensation products, alkylated aromatic sulphonic acids such as iso-propyl or butyl naphthalene sulphonic acid, and salts thereof,

In the employment of aqueous liquors to carry out the reduction in the lustre of filaments which have received a content of a wetting agent according to the invention, it is preferred to carry out the treatment with heated liquors, though the reduction in lustre may be effected, though more slowly by the action on the filaments of cold aqueous liquors.

The invention includes Within its scope filaments, yarns, or threads containing wetting agents and capable of being delustred by a subsequent treatment asindicated above, and'also fabrics or articles made from or containing such filaments, yarns, or threads. The invention likewise includes filamentsyarns or threads produced in the manner above described, and delustred by subsequent treatment with aqueous fluids. This treatment however may conveniently be deferred or other operations performed on the fabrics or articles. Y

Various methods of carrying out the invention will now be described in greater detail, with reference to the spinning of filaments of cellulose acetate, but it is to be understood that the following description is by wayof illustration'only and in no way limitative. A spinning solution of cellulose acetate in acetone is given an addition of Turkey red oilyeither during the mixing'of the solution or after the cellulose acetate has dissolved. The solution is then extruded into a current of air in a spinning chamber, and the filaments produced are led out of the chamber and collected in any suitable manner, for example, by means of a cap-spinning device. The filaments contain a proportion of Turkey red oil and are steamed, or immersed in or otherwise treated with water, preferably warm or hot, or alcohol, for the purpose of reducing the lustre.

Turkey red oil in amounts varying from 1 to about 10 or 12% calculated on the weight of the cellulose acetate has been found suitable for producing filaments varying in appearance from a mere dullness to a complete absence of lustre according to the amount of Turkey red oil employed.

Similar proportions of Turkey red oil may be used in spinning solutions from which the filaments are formed by the wet spinning process, a wet spinning bath of such a nature that the filaments emerging from the bath containing a proportion of the Turkey red oil being employed. 7

The term filaments in the appended claims is to be understood to cover extruded artificial products generally, i. e. filaments, yarns, threads, tapes, ribbon, straw or like products.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. Process for the manufacture of delustrable artificial filaments which comprises extruding an organic solution of an organic derivative of cellulose containing a wetting agent into a setting medium which does not remove the wetting agent from the filaments so extruded.

2. Process for the manufacture of delustrable artificial filaments which comprises extruding an organic solution of an organic derivative of cellulose containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble organic compound containing acid groups into a non-aqueous setting medium which does not remove the wetting agent from the filaments so extruded.

3. Process for the manufacture of delustrable artificial filaments which comprises extruding an organic solution 'ofcellulose acetate containing a wetting agent into a setting medium which does not remove the wetting agent from the filaments so extruded.

4. Process for the production of delustrable artificial filaments which comprises extruding an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a sulphonated organic compound into a non-aqueous setting medium in which the wetting agent is substantially un- .dispersable.

5. Process for the production of delustrable artificial filaments which comprises extruding an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a sulphonated higher fatty acid into a nonaqueous setting medium in which the wetting agent is substantially undispersable.

6. Process for the production J of delustrable artificial filaments which comprises extruding an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing Turkey red oil into a non-aqueous setting medium in which the wetting agent is substantially undispersable.

,7. Process for the manufactured delustra'ble artificial filaments, said process comprising .extruding into an evaporative atmosphere an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble'organic compound containing acid groups, and causing the filaments so extruded to set in said evaporative atmosphere.

8. Process, for the manufacture of delustrable artificial filaments, said process comprising extruding into an evaporative atmosphere an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing Turkey red oil, and causing the filaments so extruded to set in said evaporative atmosphere.

9. Process for the manufacture of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre which comprises extruding an organic solution of an organic derivative of cellulose containing a wetting agent into a setting medium in which the wetting agent is substantially undispersable, and subjecting the said filaments so formed to a treatment with an aqueous fiuid. Y

10. Process for the manufacture of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre which comprises extruding an organic solution of an organic derivative of cellulose containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble organic compound containing acid groups into a non-aqueous setting medium in which the wetting agent is substantially undispersable and subjecting the said filaments'so formed to a treatment with an aqueous fluid.

11. Process for the manufacture of'artificial filaments having a reduced lustre which comprises extruding an organicsolution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble organic compound containing acid groups into a non-aqueous setting medium in which the wetting agent is substantially undispersable and subjecting the said filaments so formed to a treatment with an aqueous fiuid.

12. Process for the production of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre which comprises extruding an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a sulphonated organic compound into a non-aqueous setting medium which does not remove the wetting agent from thefilaments'so extruded and subjecting said filaments to a treatment withan aqueous fluid.

13. Process for the production of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre which'comprises extruding an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a sulphonatedhigher fatty acid into a non-aqueous setting medium which does notremove the wetting agent from the filaments so extruded and subjecting said filaments to a treatment with an aqueous fluid.

' 14. Process for the manufacture of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre, said process comprising extruding into an evaporative atmosphere an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing Turkey red oil, causing the filaments so extruded to set in said evaporative atmosphere and subjectingthe set filaments to a treatment with an aqueous fiuid. 7 I

15. Process for the manufacture of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre,- said process comprising extruding into an evaporative atmosphere an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble organic compound containing acid groups, causing the filaments so extruded to set in said evaporative'atmosphere, and subjecting the set filaments to a treatment with an aqueous fluid.

16. Process for the manufacture of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre, said process comprising extruding into an evaporative atmosphere an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing Turkey red oil, causing the filaments so extruded to set in said evaporative atmosphere, and subjecting the set filaments to a treatment with an aqueous fluid. j

17. Process for the production of artificial filaments having a reduced lustrewhich comprises extruding an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble organic compound containing acid groups into a non-aqueous setting medium which does not remove the wetting agent from the filaments so extruded and subjecting the filaments continuously with their setting to a treatment with an aqueous fluid.

18. Process for the manufacture of artificial filaments having a reduced lustre, said process comprising extruding into an evaporative atmosphere an organic solution of cellulose acetate containing a wetting agent which is a water soluble organic compound containing acid groups, causing the filaments so extruded to set in said evaporative atmosphere, and subjecting the filaments continuously with their setting to a treatment with an aqueous fluid.

19. Artificial filaments of an organic derivative of cellulose susceptible to delustering under treatment with aqueous fluids, said filaments containing a wetting agent.

20. Artificial filaments of an organic derivative of cellulose susceptible to delustering under treatment with aqueous fluids, said filaments containing a wetting agent which is water soluble organic compound containing acid groups.

21. Artificial filaments of cellulose acetate susceptible to delustering under treatment with aqueous fluids, said filaments containing a wetting agent.

22. Artificial filaments of cellulose acetate susceptible to delustering under treatment with aqueous fluids, said filaments containing a. wetting agent which is water soluble organic com- 

